Industrial Symbiosis

Industrial symbiosis (IS) is all about saving money and reducing consumption by working together to maximise the outputs that can be generated from resources. It is one approach to realising a circular economy and achieving green growth. Through symbiotic activities between organisations, IS promotes sustainable resource use, minimises the input of materials and simultaneously eliminates waste. This policy brief presents five IS case studies from across the Nordic Region followed by a series of policy recommendations based on good practice in Nordic countries.